Impamvu sisitemu zo guhumeka ari ingenzi mu gutwara inkoko

1. Kurwanya Umwicanyi Utagaragara: Kurinda Ubushyuhe n'Ubushyuhe Bukabije

(Ishusho: Ishusho ya kamera ifata amashusho y'ubushyuhe igaragaza ubushyuhe bukabije (ahantu hatukura/hafite umuhondo) mu gice cy'imodoka y'inkoko idafite umwuka mwiza, itandukanye n'ahantu hakonje (ubururu/icyatsi) hafi y'aho imyenge ikorera.)

Inkoko zibasirwa cyane cyane n'ubushyuhe bitewe n'ubwoya bwazo, umuvuduko mwinshi w'imikorere y'umubiri, n'ubushobozi buke bwo kubira ibyuya. Mu gikapu cy'imodoka gihagaze cyangwa kigenda, ubushyuhe bw'umubiri, imirasire y'izuba, n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo mu kirere bihurirana vuba. Nta guhuriza hamwe umwuka ku buryo buhoraho kandi bunoze:

Kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe ni vuba:Ubushyuhe bw'umubiri buturuka ku nyoni amagana cyangwa ibihumbi buhita burenga ahantu hafunze. Ubushyuhe bushobora kuzamuka cyane kurusha ikirere mu minota mike, cyane cyane iyo buhagaze cyangwa mu modoka zigenda gahoro.

Ingaruka ni mbi kandi ni vuba:Inyoni zirahuha cyane, zigatanda amababa, zigagabanya ibikorwa, kandi zikirunda kure y’aho ubushyuhe buturuka (akenshi zirundanya kandi zigapfukama). Kuziba igihe kirekire bitera ubushyuhe bwinshi (ubushyuhe bwinshi bw’umubiri), kunanirwa kw’ingingo, no gupfa. Umubare w’impfu wiyongera cyane mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi, ndetse no mu ngendo ngufi.

Guhumeka ni bwo buryo bw'ibanze bwo kwirinda:Sisitemu yo guhumeka yakozwe neza ikuraho ubu bushyuhe bwinshi.Umwuka ugenda utera ubukonje bw'umuyaga,byongera cyane uburyo inyoni zibona ibintu bikonje.Guhinduranya umwuka bisimbura umwuka ushyushye kandi wuzuye imbere n'umwuka wo hanze ukonje kandi wumye.Guhumeka hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga (abafana) akenshi ni ngombwa uretse imiyoboro isanzwe idafite aho ihuriye n’ikirere gishyushye cyangwa ku modoka zipakiye cyane. Guhumeka neza bikurura ubushyuhe mbere yuko buhitana.

2. Gukuraho umwuka mubi: Gukuraho imyuka yica, ubushuhe n'umukungugu

(Ishusho: Ibisobanuro bya hafi biri mu kagare: Ubushuhe burimo ku nkuta hafi y'aho umwuka uzibye, ivumbi/umukungugu ugaragara ku buso, n'ishusho igaragaza amoniya (NH3) yirundanyije mu ifumbire.)

Umwuka uri mu igare ry’inkoko ryuzuye uhita wandura. Guhumeka neza ni ingenzi cyane mu gukuraho ibi bintu bitagaragara:

Amoniya (NH3):Ammonia ikorwa vuba iva mu ifumbire mvaruganda n'inkari, ikaba itera ububabare bukomeye. Ingano nyinshi itera:

Kwangirika mu myanya y'ubuhumekero:Amaso ashyushye, imiyoboro y'izuru, trachea, n'udufuka tw'umwuka, bituma inyoni zirwara indwara z'ubuhumekero nka CRD.

Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buhagaritswe:Kurwara ammonia mu buryo buhoraho bigabanya imbaraga z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bw'inyoni.

Ububabare n'Imibabaro:Inyoni zirinda kuryama, zigaragaza umutwe unyeganyega, kandi zigaragaza ibimenyetso bigaragara by'akababaro.

Dioxyde de Carbone (CO2) na Monoxide de Carbone (CO2):CO2 yiyongera mu guhumeka kw'inyoni kandi ishobora kugera ku rugero rwo kubura umwuka hatabayeho guhinduranya. CO2, ikica bucece, ishobora kuva mu buryo bw'imyotsi isohora umwuka nabi hafi y'aho umwuka winjirira.

Ubushuhe bwinshi (Ubushuhe):Guhumeka no gufumbira bisohora umwuka mwinshi w'amazi. Ubushuhe bwinshi:

Bibangamira ubukonje bw'inyoni binyuze mu guhumeka (umwuka utose ufata ubushyuhe buke).

Itera imyanda itose/ibiryamirwa, ikonjesha inyoni kandi igateza imbere imikurire y’udukoko n’ibibazo byo kunyura mu birenge.

Bitera ubushyuhe ku nkuta/igisenge, bigatonyanga ku nyoni.

Umukungugu n'Umukungugu:Amababa, uturemangingo tw'uruhu, n'ifumbire mvaruganda byumye bitera umukungugu wo mu kirere. Ibi:

Itera indwara ziterwa n'udukoko (virusi, bagiteri, fungi).

Ifunga uburyo bwo guhumeka bw'inyoni.

Bigabanya ubushobozi bwo kubona no kugira ikirere cyiza ku bashoferi bagenzura inyoni.

Ishobora kuziba sisitemu zo guhumeka ubwazo.

Guhumeka bigabanya kandi bigakuraho ibyo bihumanya,gusimbuza umwuka wanduye umwuka wa ogisijeni mushya, kurinda ubuzima bw'ubuhumekero, no gukumira ibidukikije bihumanya.

3. Kugumana Ihumure n'Ubumwe: Kwirinda Imiterere y'ikirere Yica

(Ishusho: Ishusho cyangwa ifoto igaragaza imiterere y'umwuka uri mu kagare gafite umwuka mwiza, igaragaza uburyo umwuka ugenda uva mu nzira ujya mu zindi nzira, wirinde ahantu hapfuye. Bitandukanye n'akagare gahagaze.)

Akagare si agasanduku kamwe. Hatabayeho imiterere ikwiye y'umwuka n'ubushobozi buhagije bwo guhumeka, ikirere kibi kitera ingorane:

Ahantu hapfuye/Imifuka y'Indege Idakora:Uduce tudahumeka cyane cyangwa tudahumeka cyane (akenshi mu mfuruka, mu mpera, cyangwa mu bice byo hagati bitewe n’imiterere) tuba imitego y’ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, ammonia, na CO2. Inyoni zo muri utwo duce zirababara cyane, bigatuma impfu nyinshi zigabanuka muri utwo duce.

Imbonerahamwe:Nubwo umwuka ugenda neza, umwuka ukabije kandi ukonje (cyane cyane mu gihe cy'ubukonje) ushobora gutera ubukonje, kwikubira, gukururana, no guhangayika. Imiterere myiza y'umwuka ikoresha uburyo bwo guhumeka cyangwa inzira zishyirwamo umwuka mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo wirinde umwuka wangiza inyoni.

Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe n'ubukonje:Itandukaniro rikomeye mu bushyuhe cyangwa ubushuhe rishobora kubaho kuva imbere ujya inyuma, hejuru ujya hasi, cyangwa ku ruhande rumwe ujya ku rundi. Inyoni zisanzwe zerekeza ahantu ziyumva ko ziruhutse, bigatuma zihugira mu duce tumwe na tumwe ndetse no mu tundi duce zigatera akaga.

Guhumeka bitanga icyizere cy'uko ibintu bihoraho:Ubushobozi buhagije bwo guhanahana ikirere hamwe naimiterere y'umwuka wateguwe nezaigenzura ko ibidukikije bingana uko bishoboka kose mu gihe cyose cy'umutwaro. Ibi bivuze:

Ndetse n'ikwirakwizwa ry'ubushyuhe.

Gukuraho imyuka n'ubushuhe icyarimwe.

Kurinda ahantu hafite ubushuhe bwinshi cyangwa ahantu hafite ammonia nyinshi.

Kugabanya umuvuduko uturuka ku muyaga cyangwa umwuka uhagaze. Buri nyoni yungukira ku kuba ifite ibidukikije bihamye kandi bihamye.

4. Kurenga ku kubaho: Kurinda imikorere, imibereho myiza, n'ubwiza bw'intumbi

(Ishusho: Inyoni ziruhukira mu buryo butuje ku buriri bwera kandi bwumye mu gice cy’imodoka zitwara abagenzi mu gihe cyo gutwara inyoni zishyushye cyane mu gice cy’imodoka zikoresha umuyaga mubi.)

Ingaruka zo guhumeka neza ntizigarukira kure cyane ku gukumira urupfu rw'ako kanya. Zigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mibereho y'inyoni, gukira kw'umubiri, ndetse n'ubwiza bw'umusaruro wa nyuma:

Kugabanya stress no kunoza imibereho myiza:Inyoni zigira ubushyuhe n'umwuka mwiza zigaragaza stress nkeya cyane. Ziratuje, ntizikunze kugira ubwoba cyangwa ngo zirunde, kandi zishobora guhangana n'ibintu bizitera stress mu gutwara abantu. Iyi ni inshingano y'ibanze y'amahame mbwirizamuco.

Imikorere y'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ibungabunzwe:Kugabanya ubushyuhe no guhura n’umukungugu mwinshi wa amoniya/umukungugu bifasha inyoni gukomeza kugira ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri. Ibi bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura indwara ziterwa n’impanuka mu gihe cyo kuzitwara no nyuma yo kuzitwara, bigatuma inyoni zimeze neza zinjira mu mubiri.

Inyama zibungabunzwe neza:Inyoni zishyushye cyane zikoresha glycogen mu buryo bwihuse, bigatuma pH y'imitsi izamuka nyuma y'urupfu. Ibi bivamo:

Inyama zoroheje, zoroshye, zishyushye (PSE):Ibara ry'umukara ritari ryiza, imiterere yoroshye, no gutakaza amazi menshi - inenge zikomeye zigabanya agaciro k'ubwiza.

Igihe cyo kuruhuka cyagabanijwe.

Guhumeka neza bifasha inyoni kugumana ingufu zihagije, bigatuma pH igabanuka mu buryo busanzwe nyuma y’urupfu n’inyama nziza kandi zifite agaciro kanini.

Kugabanuka kw'impfu n'imihango:Irinda mu buryo butaziguye impfu ziterwa n'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ibura ry'umwuka. Igabanya mu buryo butaziguye impfu ziterwa no kubyimbirwa (kwiyongera) n'indwara zandura ziterwa n'umwuka mubi. Igabanya kandi amahano aterwa n'indwara ya septicemia/toxemia ikunze gukurura ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Guhindura ibiryo neza (ku bahinzi/amatapi):Inyoni zihura n'ingorane zikomeye mu gihe cyo kuzitwara bifata igihe kirekire kugira ngo zigaruke kandi zongere gukura neza no kurya ibiryo byazo. Guhumeka neza bigabanya iyi ngorane.

Umwanzuro:
Uburyo bwo guhumeka mu modoka itwara inkoko si ikindi kintu gusa; ni ibikorwa remezo by'ingenzi bishinzwe kubungabunga ubuzima, imibereho myiza, n'agaciro k'ibicuruzwa. Ni ubwirinzi bw'ibanze ku bintu bitatu by'ubushyuhe, imyuka ihumeka, n'umukungugu utera indwara. Gushora imari mu guhumeka neza kandi byateguwe neza - birimo imyenge ihagije idahumeka, akenshi ikongerwamo n'abafana bakomeye kandi bizewe ba mekanike n'imicungire y'umwuka mwiza - ntabwo bishoboka mu gutwara inkoko neza. Bisobanura neza ko inyoni zapfuye nke, kugabanya amahane, ubwiza bw'inyama, kunoza imibereho myiza, ndetse no gukora ibikorwa birambye kandi bibyara inyungu. Ntureke inyoni zawe zigenda mu gasanduku kadahumeka. Shyira imbere guhumeka - menya neza ko buri guhumeka zigira mu rugendo ari intambwe igana ku kugera ahantu hatekanye no ku gicuruzwa cyiza. Saba amamodoka akozwe kugira ngo ahumeke. Inyoni zawe, inyungu zawe, n'izina ryawe bishingiye kuri byo.